ABSTRACT
Introduction: A decrease in operative volume of general surgery chiefs graduating the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) was previously noted using self-reported Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) case logs. The purpose of this study is to examine if this trend was captured in self-reported case logs and if those trends were similarly captured in an automated multi-institution artificial intelligence-based case log. Method(s): The ACGME National Data Report of general surgery cases was queried for mean cases performed as surgeon chief for the pre-pandemic (2018-2019) and pandemic (2019-2020 and 2020- 2021) period. A 24-institute HIPAA-compliant, web-based, surgical education management platform using an embedded artificial intelligence algorithm to generate case logs from electronic operative schedules was also queried. Percent change was calculated and statistical significance was calculated with unpaired T-Test. Result(s): Fifty-three ACGME categories were reviewed. A significant (p<0.05) decrease occurred in 19 categories (35.8%) the first pandemic year compared with pre-pandemic. The second pandemic year (2020-2021) 10 categories (18.8%) had a significant increase (p<0.05). The automated case log system did not see the same trend with only 2.7% of categories (9/324) with a significant decrease the first pandemic year. No subsequent significant increases occurred the second pandemic year. Conclusion(s): ACGME case logs reveal a recovery of operative volume for general surgery chiefs during the second year of the pandemic. However, the 24-institution, automatically logged system did not see the same trend. Regional variation or improved accuracy of automated case logs may explain the discrepancy.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Blood transfusion services are an important part of thehealth care system. Covid 19 pandemic has severely affected healthcare system along with blood transfusion services. Severe fall innumber of donors with arrival of pandemic due to public fear resultedin disproportionate decrease in demand and supply with net effect ofshortage of blood units.Aims &Objectives:1. To study overall effect of covid 19 on blood transfusion services.2. To formulate corrective and preventive measures.Materials &Methods: A retrospective study was conducted atRegional blood centre. In this study 1 year data of precovid era iscompared with 1 year data during covid 19 pandemic. Data isobtained from SBTC software, master stock register, camp recordregister, donor register and blood issue register.Result: During covid 19 pandemic there is significant fall in totalnumber of donors, Decrease in number of blood donation campsalong with no change in emergency requirement. Although pandemicreduced the elective procedure related blood transfusion.Conclusions: Covid 19 showed negative effect on blood transfusionservices. We need to reduce fear and anxiety among donors andensure safety. Plan small and consistent flow of donors rather thanbeing dependent on mega donation camps. This can be achieved by formulating strict guidelines and implementing them which can prevent such crisis in future.
ABSTRACT
Background: The 1st year medical students are in a daily habit of attending college and being utterly preoccupied with lectures, practicals, studies, and examinations. This year with the introduction of new concept of competency-based medical education students was exposed to hospital set up by early clinical exposure. Since the news of a nationwide lockdown was announced from March 26, 2020, in response to the spread of the coronavirus disease-19 virus, not only it created a drastic change in the functioning of the country but also imparted a great impact on the 1st year medical students. To complete scheduled curriculum, online teaching-learning sessions were initiated by medical colleges. Students tried their best to cope up with new online learning sessions, completing assignments, and appearing for vivas. This situation was completely unexpected and they had to attend online sessions with family members around them. Aims and Objectives: The study was planned in, first MBBS (Phase I) students to analyze study pattern, perception toward various aspects of online teaching and daily activities during nationwide lockdown period. Materials and Methods: This study was undertaken among the 1st MBBS (Phase I, Block III) student volunteers in a local medical college. After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee, a Google Form was designed, specifically based on the daily routine, perception toward various aspects of online teaching, time spent on studying and study pattern of Phase I students. The data was represented as mean±standard deviation. The responses were tabulated in percentage. Results: About 93.9% of the students were primarily engaged in studies and 79.2% of students were involved in exercise at home. About 84% of students were satisfied with online teaching sessions. About 70.5% and 59.7% of the students felt an increased sleep duration and screen time on mobile respectively, while only 26.2% of the students felt that their study time was increased. They were involved in various health related activities and hobbies and had quality time with parents. Conclusion: This lockdown had a positive effect toward the optimistic thought processes of the students while engaging in family bonding and revisiting hobbies for a short duration. It is seen to be effective and helpful to the students having online lectures.
ABSTRACT
Global strategies to halt the dual crises of biodiversity loss and climate change are often formulated separately, even though they are interdependent and risk failure if pursued in isolation. The Global Safety Net maps how expanded nature conservation addresses both overarching threats. We identify 50% of the terrestrial realm that, if conserved, would reverse further biodiversity loss, prevent CO2 emissions from land conversion, and enhance natural carbon removal. This framework shows that, beyond the 15.1% land area currently protected, 35.3% of land area is needed to conserve additional sites of particular importance for biodiversity and stabilize the climate. Fifty ecoregions and 20 countries contribute disproportionately to proposed targets. Indigenous lands overlap extensively with the Global Safety Net. Conserving the Global Safety Net could support public health by reducing the potential for zoonotic diseases like COVID-19 from emerging in the future.